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The Second Jewel
BHAGAVAT-TATTVA
The Bhagavata Principle
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the crown jewel of all revealed
scriptures.
2. 1
dharmam-projhita-kaitavo 'tra paramo-nirmatsaranam
satam
vedyam vastavamatra vastu-sivadam tapatrayonmulanam
srimad-bhagavate mahamuni-krte kim-vaparair-isvaram
sadyo hrdyavarudhyate'tra krtibhim
susrusubhis-tat-ksanat
Completely rejecting all religious principles which are
materially motivated, this Bhagavata-Purana propounds the
highest truth, which is understandable by those devotees who
are fully pure in heart. The highest truth is reality
distinguished from illusion for the welfare of all. Such
truth uproots the three-fold miseries. This beautiful
Srimad-Bhagavatam compiled by the great sage Vyasa in the
maturity of his spiritual vision is sufficient in itself for
God realization. What is the need for any other scripture? As
soon as one attentively and submissively hears the message of
Srimad-Bhagavatam, by this culture of knowledge, the Supreme
Lord is established within his heart. (Srimad-Bhagavatam
1.2.2)
2. 2
krsna-bhakti-rasa-svarupa sri bhagavata
tate veda-sastra haite parama mahatva
Srimad-Bhagavatam gives direct information of the mellows
derived from service to Sri Krsna. Therefore
Srimad-Bhagavatam is above all other Vedic literatures.
(Caitanya Caritamrta Madhya, 25. 150)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the ripened fruit of the Vedic desire
tree.
2. 3
nigama-kalpataror galitam phalam
suka-mukhadamrta-dravyasamyutam
pibata bhagavatam rasamalayam
muhuraho rasika bhuvi bhavukam
The Srimad-Bhagavatam is the essence of all Vedic literatures
and is considered the ripened fruit of the desire tree of
Vedic knowledge. It has been sweetened by emanating from the
mouth of Sukadeva Goswami. O you who are thoughtful, and who
relish transcentendal mellows: Always try to taste this fully
ripened fruit. O thoughtful devotees, as long as you are
aspiring to be absorbed in the transcendental bliss derived
from the Lord's loving service, you should continue tasting
this Srimad-Bhagavatam, and even when you are fully absorbed
in bliss, you should go on tasting its mellows forever.
(Srimad-Bhagavatam 1.2.3)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the literary incarnation of Krsna.
2. 4
krsne-svadhamopagate. dharma-jnanadibhim saha
kalau nasthadrsamesa puranarko'dhunoditam
This Srimad-Bhagavatam is as brilliant as the sun, and it has
arisen in order to save us from the darkness of the age of
Kali, after Krsna has left for his own abode accompanied by
dharma and knowledge. ( Srimad-Bhagavatam 1.3.45)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the Paramahamsa-Samhita, the treatise on
divine principles which is sung by paramahamsas for the
benefit of all souls.
2. 5
anartho-pasamam-saksad-bhakti-yogam-adhoksaje
lokasyajanato vidvamscakre satvata-samhitam
yasyam vai sruyamanayam krsne parama-puruse
bhaktirutpadyate pumsam sokamohabhayapaha
The material miseries of the living entity, which are
superfluous to him, can be directly mitigated by the linking
process of devotional service. But the mass of people do not
know this, and therefore the great sage Vyasa compiled this
Vedic literature, which is in relation to the Supreme Truth.
Simply by hearing this Vedic literature, the feeling for
devotional service to Sri Krsna sprouts up at once to
extinguish the fire of lamentation, illusion and fearfulness,
within the heart. (Srimad-Bhagavatam 1.7.6-7)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the spotless Purana, and it is dear to
all the topmost paramahamsas, swanlike saints who are expert
in tasting essential truth.
2. 6
srimad-bhagavatam puranam-amalam yad-vaisnavanam priyam
yasmin paramahamsyam-ekam-amalam jnanam param giyate
tatra jnana-viraga-bhakti-sahitam naiskarmyamaviskstam
tac-chrnvan supathan vicaranaparo bhaktya
vimucchennaram
This Srimad-Bhagavatam is the spotless Purana, and it is
especially loved by the devotees of Krsna. It contains
knowledge which is especially appreciated by the
paramahamsas, the topmost swanlike saints. This
Srimad-Bhagavatam , when it is carefully studied, heard and
understood again and again, opens the door to pure devotion
which, having once passed through one never returns to the
bondage of illusion, (maya ). (Srimad-Bhagavatam 12. 13. 18)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the natural commentary on the
Vedanta,
Mahabharata, the gayatri mantra, and the Vedas themselves.
2. 7
artho'yam brahma-sutranam bharatartha vinirnayam
gayatri-bhasya-rupo'sau vedartha-paribrmhitam
This Srimad-Bhagavatam explains the meaning of the Vedanta.
It explains the purpose of Mahabharata, and reveals the inner
meaning of the gayatri-mantra and the essence of the Vedas.
(Hari-Bhakti-Vilasa 10. 394)
2. 8
gayatrir arthe ei granthanarambhana
'satyam' 'param' - sambandha, 'dhimahi' - sadhane
prayojane
In the beginning of Srimad-Bhagavatam, there is an
explanation of the brahma-gayatri mantra:. Satyam param
dhimahi, "We meditate upon the Absolute Truth." Here, dhimahi
indicates the execution of devotional service and the
attainment of the ultimate goal of life, Sri Krsna, who is
satyam param, the Supreme Absolute Truth. (Caitanya
Caritamrta, Madhya, 25. 140)
2. 9
cariveda-upanisade yata kicchu haya
tara artha laiya vyasa karila sa-caya
yei sutre yei rk visaya vacana
bhagavate sei rk slokanivandhana
ataeva brahma-sutrera bhasya - sri bhagavata
bhagavata-sloka, upanisat kahe 'eka' mata
Vyasadeva collected whatever conclusions were in the four
Vedas and 108 Upanisads, and composed them in the form of
codes as theVedanta-Sutras. In the Vedanta-Sutra the purpose
of all Vedic knowledge is explained, and in
Srimad-Bhagavatam, it is elaborated in 18,000 verses. That
which is explained in Srimad-Bhagavatam and in the Upanisads
serves the same purpose. (Caitanya Caritamrta Madhya
25.26-28)
2. 10
ye sutra-karta, se yadi karaye vyakhyana
tabe sutrera mula artha lokera haya jnana
If the Vedanta-Sutras are explained by their author,
Vyasadeva Himself, their original meaning can be easily
understood by the people in general. (Caitanya Caritamrta
Madhya 25. 136)
2. 11
ataeva bhagavata - sutrera 'artha' rupa
nikakrta sutrera nija 'bhasya' svarupa
Srimad-Bhagavatam gives the actual meaning of
theVedanta-Sutras. The author of Vedanta is Vyasadeva, and he
himself has explained the meaning of Vedanta in the form of
Srimad-Bhagavatam. (Caitanya Caritamrta Madhya 25.139)
2. 12
ataeva bhagavata karaha vicara
iha haite pabe sutra srutir arthasara
Study Srimad-Bhagavatam very scrutinizingly. Then, you will
understand the actual meaning of Vedanta . (Caitanya
Caritamrta Madhya 25.146)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the essence of all the Vedas, Puranas
and Itihasas.
2. 13
sarva-vedetihasanam saram saram samuddhrtam
The essence of all Vedic literatures, the Vedas, Puranas, and
Itihasas, has been collected in the Srimad-Bhagavatam.
(Srimad-Bhagavatam 1.3.42)
One who disregards Srimad-Bhagavatam, the natural commentary
on Vedanta, and instead relies on the commentary of
Sankaracarya is lost.
2. 14
jivera nistara lagi' sutra kaila vyasa
mayavadi-bhasya sunile haya sarvanasa
Srila Vyasadeva presented the Vedic literatures for the
deliverance of the conditioned souls. But if one hears the
commentary of Sankacarya, everything is spoiled. (Caitanya
Caritamrta Madhya 6.169)
Srimad-Bhagavatam reveals the inner meaning of Vedanta
2. 15
sarva-vedanta saram hi sri bhagavatam-isyate
tad-rasamrta-trptasya nanyatra syad-ratim kvacit
Srimad-Bhagavatam is accepted as the essence of all Vedic
literature and Vedantic philosophy. Whoever tastes the
transcendental mellow of Srimad-Bhagavatam is never attracted
to any other literature. (Srimad-Bhagavatam 12.13.15)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is the cream of the Vedas and the very form
of Krsna.
2. 16
sabe purusartha 'bhakti' bhagavate haya
'premarupa bhagavata' carivede kaya
Srimad-Bhagavatam speaks of the highest goal of life,
devotional service, divine love of Krsna. It is the version
of all theVedas that Srimad-Bhagavatam is the very form of
divine love. The four Vedas are like yogurt, but the
Srimad-Bhagavatam is like butter. The churner of this butter
is Sri Sukadeva Goswami, and the eater of this butter is
Pariksita Maharaja. (Caitanya Bhagavata Madhya 22.
15-16)
2. 17
krsnatulya bhaavata - vibhu, sarvasraya
prati-sloke prati-aksare nana artha kaya
Srimad-Bhagavatam is as great as Krsna Himself, the Supreme
Lord and shelter of everything. In each and every verse and
syllable of Srimad-Bhagavatam, there are multi-faceted
meanings, for Srimad-Bhagavatam is infinite, as Krsna.
(Caitanya Caritamrta Madhya 24.312)
2. 18
bhagavata, tulasi gangaya, bhaktajane
caturdha vigraha krsna ei cari sane
Srimad-Bhagavatam, Tulasi-devi, the Ganges, and the devotees
- Wherever these four things are found, Krsna is always
present. (Caitanya Bhagavata Madhya 22.81)
Srimad-Bhagavatam is a self-manifest, eternal reality:
It is not a materialistic literature produced by ordinary
human beings.
2. 19
adi-madhyanantye bhagavate ei kaya
visnu-bhakti nityasiddha aksaya avyaya
(Caitanya Bhagavata, Antya 3.506)
bhagavata-sastre se bhaktir tattva kahe
te-i bhagavata-sama kona sastra nahe
yena rupa matsya-kurmanadi avatara
avirbhava-tirobhava apanei haya
(Caitanya Bhagavata, Antya 3.509-511)
isvarera tattva yena bujhane na yaya
eimata bhagavata - sarva-sastre gaya
(Caitanya Bhagavata, Antya 3.513)
premamaya bhagavata - krsnera sri anga
tahate kahena yata gopya krsneranga
(Caitanya Bhagavata, Antya 3.516)
hena bhagavata kona duskrti padiya
nityananda ninda kare tattva na janiya
(Caitanya Bhagavata ,Antya 3.534)
Beginning, middle, and end, the Srimad-Bhagavatam speaks only
of devotional service to Krsna. As such, this literature is
eternally perfect, infallible, and infinite, because it fully
contains all truths pertaining to the infinite. Because the
Srimad-Bhagavatam speaks exclusively of the truths of pure
devotional service, it is unparalleled among sastras. No
other scripture can compare with Srimad-Bhagavatam. In the
same way that the avataras of Sri Krsna - beginning with
Matsya and Kurma - appear and disappear transcendentally, the
Srimad-Bhagavatam is not of mundane origin. It appears and
disappears of its own accord. In the same way that truth
about God Himself is inconceivable, the Srimad-Bhagavatam is
beyond material understanding. The Srimad-Bhagavatam is full
of krsna-prema. It is an part of Krsna Himself, for it
describes Krsna's confidential pastimes. Whoever offends the
lotus feet of Sri Nityananda is a great sinner. Despite his
deep study and scholarship, such a person will never
understand the Srimad-Bhagavatam .
Srimad-Bhagavatam is transcendental: beyond sensual
experience.
2. 20
padau yadiyau prathamadvitiyau trtiyaturyau kathitau
yaduru
nabhistatha pa-cama eva yastha bhujantaram doryugalam
tathanyau
ekadaso yasya lalatapattam siro'pi tu dvadasa eva bhati
tamadidevam karunanidhanam tamalavarnam suhitavataram
aparasamsara samudra-setum bhajamahe bhagavata-svarupa
I worship that Supreme Lord Sri Krsna, the origin of all the
gods, the abode of mercy, who transcendental form is black
like the tamal tree, and who has appeared in the form of His
sound avatara - Srimad-Bhagavatam. Srimad-Bhagavatam is the
literary incarnation of Krsna, and so is a bridge by which
lost souls can cross over the ocean of repeated birth and
death.
Srimad-Bhagavatam has twelve cantos, which correspond to the
twelve different parts of Sri Krsna's holy form. The first
two cantos of Srimad-Bhagavatam are the two lotus feet of
Krsna. The third and fourth cantos are His two lotus thighs.
The fifth canto is His lotus navel. The sixth canto is His
torso and chest. The seventh and eighth cantos are his two
lotus arms. The ninth canto is his throat. The tenth canto is
his beautiful lotus face. The eleventh canto is His forehead,
and the twelfth canto is His crown.
(Padma-Purana )
There are two kinds of Bhagavata: the book Bhagavata and the
bhakta-bhagavata.
2. 21
dui sthane bhagavata nama suni matra
grantha-bhagavata, ara krsna-krpa-patra
The name bhagavata can only be applied to two things: the
book Bhagavata, and the agent of Krsna's mercy, the devotee
bhagavata. (Caitanya Bhagavata, Antya 3.532)
2. 22
eka bhagavata haya bhagavata-sastra
ara eka bhagavata bhakti-rasa-patra
One of the bhagavatas is the great scripture
Srimad-Bhagavatam, and the other is the pure devotee
bhagavata, who is absorbed in bhakti-rasa, the mellows of
devotional service. (Caitanya Caritamrta, Antya 2.99)
2. 23
dui bhagavata dvara diya bhaktirasa
tahara hrdaye ta-ra preme haya vasa
Through the actions of these two bhagavatas the Lord instills
the mellows of transcendental loving service (bhakti-rasa )
into the heart of a living being, and thus the Lord, in the
heart of His devotee, comes under the control of the
devotee's love.
(Caitanya Caritamrta Antya 2.100)
2. 24
maya-mugdha jivere nahi krsna-smrti-jnana
jivere krpaya kaile krsna veda purana
The conditioned soul cannot revive his Krsna consciousness by
his own effort. But, out of causeless mercy, Sri Krsna - in
the form of Vedavyasa - compiled the Vedic literature and its
supplements, the Puranas. [A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami, quoting
the Anubhasya commentary of Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Saraswati
hakura, remarks as follows on this verse: "...Out of his
causeless mercy and compassion, Krsna has compiled various
Vedic literatures in His incarnation as Vyasadeva. Vyasadeva
is a saktyavesa-avatara of Lord Krsna."] (Caitanya
Caritamrta, Madhya 20.122)
The inconceivable nature of Srimad-Bhagavatam
2. 25
mahacintya bhagavata sarvasastre gaya
iha na bujhiye vidya, tapa, pratisthaya
'bhagavata bujhi heno yara acche jnana
se na jane kabhu bhagavatera pramana
According to the verdict of all the revealed scriptures, the
Srimad-Bhagavatam is inconceivable, beyond mundane
understanding. Its meaning cannot be understood either by
scholarship or penance. One who is not a devotee of Krsna
will never understand the Srimad-Bhagavatam, no matter how
great a scholar he may be. (Caitanya Bhagavata , Madhya
22.13-14)
2. 26
bhagavate acintya isvara-buddhi y'ara
se janaye bhagavata-artha bhakti-rasa
The Srimad-Bhagavatam contains inconcevable knowledge about
the Supreme Lord. One who knows this knows that the meaning
of Srimad-Bhagavatam is the essence of devotion to Sri Krsna.
(Caitanya Bhagavata Madhya, 22.25)
2. 27
aham vedmi suko vetti vyaso vetti na vetti va
bhaktya bhagavatam grahyam na buddhya na ca tikaya
I know, Sukadeva knows; Vyasadeva may or may not know the
meaning of Srimad-Bhagavatam. The Srimad-Bhagavatam can only
be known through bhakti, not by mundane intelligence or by
reading many commentaries. (Caitanya Caritamrta Madhya 24.315
)
Srimad-Bhagavatam can only be understood through the
Vaisnavas.
2. 28
yaha bhagavata pada vaisnavera sthane
ekanta asraya kara caitanya-carane
If you want to understand Srimad-Bhagavatam, you must
approach a self-realized Vaisnava and study it under his
guidance, while at the same time taking exclusive shelter of
the lotus feet of Sri Caitanya. (Caitanya Caritamrta Antya
5.131)
2. 29
vaisnava-pasa bhagavata kara adhyayana
Study Srimad-Bhagavatam from a Vaisnava. (Caitanya Caritamrta
Antya 13.113)
Srimad-Bhagavatam should be studied under the guidance of
gurudeva.
2. 30
vipra kahe, murkha ami sabdartha na jani
suddhasuddha gita padi gurunajna mani
yavat pado tavat pao krsna-darasana
ei lagi' gitapatha na cchade mora mana
Sometimes my reading of the Bhagavad-gita is correct and
sometimes it is incorrect. I simply do so on the order of my
guru. As long as I read Bhagavad-gita , I can see Krsna. It
is for this reason I read Bhagavad-gita , and my mind cannot
give it up. (Caitanya Caritamrta, Madhya 9.98, 101)
One should study Srimad-Bhagavatam in the light
of the teachings of the previous acaryas.
2. 31
sridhara-svami-prasade bhagavata jani
jagad-guru sridhara-svami 'guru' kari mani
sridharanugata kara bhagavata-vyakhyana
abhimana cchari' bhaja krsna bhagavan
By the mercy of Sridhara Swami, one can understand the
meaning of Srimad-Bhagavatam. For this reason he is the guru
of the whole world, and I myself consider him to be my guru.
You should explain the Srimad-Bhagavatam by following the
version given by Sridhara Swami. Giving up all false ego, you
should worship Sri Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
(Caitanya Caritamrta, Madhya 7.120, 132)
Those who do not recognize Srimad-Bhagavatam are doomed.
2. 32
mui, mora bhakta, ara grantha-bhagavate
yara bheda acche tara nasa bhalamate
Myself, my devotees, and the scripture Srimad-Bhagavatam -
one who sees any difference between these three will find
that all his good intelligence has been destroyed. (Caitanya
Bhagavata, Madhya 22.18)
2. 33
ye va bhattacarya, cakravarti, misra saba
ta'ra o na jane saba grantha-anubhava
sastra padaiya sabe ei karma kare
srotara sahite yamapase dubi' mare
The so-called Bhattacaryas, Cakravartis, and Misras, and
others who make a business out of the scriptures have no
realization of the scriptures at all. All their study of the
scriptures is simply karmic activity. Whoever hears from them
will be bound by the ropes of Yamaraja and dragged down to
hell at the time of death. (Caitanya Bhagavata Adi
2.67-68)
2. 34
bhagavata ye na mane, se yavana sama
tara sasta acche janme janme prabhu yama
Whoever has no regard for Srimad-Bhagavatam is the same as a
yavana, an untouchable heathen. He will be punished birth
after birth by Lord Yamaraja. (Caitanya Bhagavata Adi 2.39)
Those who are proud of their piety cannot drink with
pleasure
the nectarine juice of the Srimad-Bhagavatam.
2. 35
mauna-vrata-sruta-tapo'dhyayanam svadharma-
vyakhya-raho japa-samadhaya apavargyam
prayam param purusa te tvajitendriyanam
varta bhavastyute na vatra tu dambhikanam
O Lord, there are ten prescribed methods on the way to
liberation: silence, vows, hearing of Vedic knowledge,
penance, study of Vedic literatures, piety, explaining the
sastras, solitude, japa, and absorption in samadhi. These
different methods for liberation, however, are generally only
a means of livelihood for those who have not conquered their
senses. And because they are falsely proud of their religious
practices, these procedures are all unsuccessful. [NOTE: The
implication here is that because they are proud of practicing
these unsuccessful methods of liberation, these so-called
religionists (who cannot control their senses) cannot
appreciate Srimad-Bhagavatam., despite their performance of
all manner of pious activities. A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami
comments on this verse: "...The ten processes for liberation
or improvement on the path of liberation are not meant for
devotees. Kevalaya bhaktya: if one simply engages in
devotional service to the Lord, all ten methods of liberation
are automatically observed." ] (Srimad-Bhagavatam 7.9.46)
It is prohibited by the scriptures to lecture on
Srimad-Bhagavatam as a profession.
One should not initiate unqualified disciples in the divine
mantra as a means of increasing one's wealth.
Srimad-Bhagavatam should not be recited
before the faithless simply for increasing one's prestige.
2. 36
na sisyan-anuvadhnita granthan naivabhyased-bahun
na vyakhyamupayu-jita narambhanarabhet kvacit
A sannyasi must not present allurements of material benefit
to attract many disciples. He should he initiate unqualified
disciples in order to expand the number of his followers for
prestige and material gain. He should not unnecessarily read
many books, nor should he lecture on scriptures such as the
Srimad-Bhagavatam as a way of making his livelihood. He must
not attempt to increase material opulence unnecessarily. He
must renounce endeavors for things which are beyond his means
and which cannot be attained even at the expense of great
time and energy (maharambha ). [A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami's
comments : "Sannyasis sometimes indulge in material opulence
by unnecessarily constructing many temples and monasteries,
but actually, such endeavors should be avoided. Temples and
monasteries should be constructed for the preaching of Krsna
consciousness, not to provide free hotels for persons who are
useful for neither material nor spiritual purposes. Temples
and monasteries should be strictly off-limits to worthless
bands of crazy men. In the temples and monasteries,
gatherings of unnecessary, rejected, lazy fellows should be
strictly disallowed. The temples and monasteries should be
used exclusively by devotees who are serious about spiritual
advancement in Krsna consciousness. Srila Visvanatha
Cakravarti hakura explains the word arambha as meaning
mathadi-vyaparan, which means "attempts to construct temples
and monasteries." The first business of the sannyasi is to
preach Krsna consciousness, but if, by the grace of Krsna,
facilities are available, then he may construct temples and
monasteries to give shelter to serious students of Krsna
consciousness. Otherwise such temples and monasteries are not
needed." (Srimad-Bhagavatam 7.13.8)
Who would not hear the message of Srimad-Bhagavatam?
2. 37
katha-ciddhanaikakamanaya yadi karmi vakta
srota va syattada sa virejyadevetyaha psughnadvina
One who is attached to enjoying the fruits of his work is
called a karmi. Whenever such a karmi (influenced by lusty
desires beginning with the desire for material wealth), hears
a lecture on Srimad-Bhagavatam, he will stop listening and go
away. Because he sees such kirtana as a hindrance to his
sense gratification, the karmi will leave it at once. The
Srimad-Bhagavatam refers to such persons as "killers of the
soul," because they commit spiritual suicide by ignoring the
message of Srimad-Bhagavatam. Who but a killer of the soul,
or an animal-killer would avoid hearing the sublime message
of Srimad-Bhagavatam? (From the Sarartha-darsini commentary
on Srimad-Bhagavatam 10.1.4.)
Further prohibitions against lecturing on Srimad-Bhagavatam
for money.
2. 38
sudranam supakari ca yo harernama-vikriyi
yo vidya-vikrayi vipro visahino yathoragam
One who is devoid of devotional service to Krsna, who cooks
for sudras, who initiates disciples in the holy name for
money, or who lectures on the scriptures for pay is a vipra -
a highly learned brahmana - in name only. His brahminical
status is destroyed by such misdeeds. Like a viper without
poison who outwardly shows the form of a fearful snake to the
ignorant and in so gives them a false fright, these so-called
vipras control their ignorant disciples through fear and
materialistic partiality, without having to show them any
really praisworthy spiritual achievements.
(Brahmavaivarta-Purana, Prakrti-khanda, 21st adhyaya )
One should not hear Srimad-Bhagavatam from nondevotees.
2. 39
avaisnava mukhodgirnam putam harikathamrtam
sravanam naive kartavyam sarpocchistam yatha payam
Just as milk touched by the lips of a serpent has a poisonous
effect, that Hari-katha which is vibrated by nondevotees is
poisonous. Both those who speak it and those who hear it will
suffer from the effects of poison. (Padma-Purana )
The eighteen Puranas.
2. 40
brahmam padmam vaisnava-sca saivam laingam sagarudam
naradiyam bhagavatam agneyam skanda-samhitam
bhavisyam brahmavaivarttam markandeyam savamanam
varaham matsyam kaurma-sca brahmandakhyamiti trisat
There are eighteen Puranas - the Brahma-Purana, Padma-Purana,
Visnu-Purana, Siva-Purana, Linga-Purana, Garuda-Purana,
Naradiya-Purana, Bhagavata-Purana, Agni-Purana,
Skandha-Purana, Brahma-Vaivarta-Purana, Markandeya-Purana,
Vamana-Purana, Varaha-Purana, Matsya-Purana, Kurma-Purana,
and Brahmanda-Purana.
The Puranas have three divisions: sattvika, rajasika, and
tamasika:
Puranas in the mode of goodness, passion, and ignorance.
2. 41
vaisnavam naradiya-sca tatha bhagavatam subham
garuda-sca tatha tadmam varaham subhadarsane
sattvikani puranani vij-eyani manisibhim
brahmyandam brahmavaivarttam markandeyam tathaiva ca
bhavisyam vamanam brahmam rajasani nibodhata
matsyam kaurmam tatha laingam saivam skandam tathaiva
ca
agneya-sca yatetani tamasani nibodhata
O you of perfect vision! The self-realized sages have
determined that there are three divisions of the eighteen
Puranas, corresponding to the modes of goodness, passion, and
ignorance. The Visnu, Naradiya, Bhagavata, Garuda, Padma, and
Varaha Puranas are the six Puranas in the mode of goodness,
sattva-guna. The Brahmanda, Brahmavaivarta, Markandeya,
Bhavisya, Vamana, and Brahma Puranas are the six Puranas in
the mode of ignorance, tamo-gunam. (Brahma-Vaivarta Purana.)
[NOTE: The six Puranas in the mode of passion, raja-guna, are
the Skandha, Matsya, Kurma, Linga, Siva, and Agni-Puranas.
]
2. 42
sattvikesu ca kalpesu mahatmyamadhikam harem
rajasesu ca mahatmyamadhikam brahmano vidum
sakteragnesca mahatmyam tamasesu sivasya ca
sankirnesu sarasvatyam pitrna-sca nigadyate
The Puranas in the mode of goodness glorify Sri Krsna, the
Supreme Personality of Godhead, while the Puranas in the mode
of passion promote the glories of Lord Brahma, the creator of
the universe. In the same way, the Puranas in the mode of
ignorance celebrate the greatness of Agni, Siva, and Durga.
There are also many other scriptures which contain different
mixtures of goodness, passion, and ignorance and promote the
worship of different demigods like Saraswati and Laksmi, as
well as the worship of ancestors, and many other lower
religious processes. (Tattva-Sandarbha, 17)
What is to be known as sastra or scripture?
2. 43
rg-yajum-samatharva-sca bharatam pa-caratrakam
mula-ramayana-scaiva saastramityabhidhiyate
yacchanukulametasya taccha saastram prakirtitam
ato'nya grasthavistaro naiva sastram kurvatmatat
The ¨g, Yajur, Sama, and Atharva Vedas, as well as the
Mahabharata, the Narada-Pa-caratra, and the Ramayana , are
certainly known as sastra, or revealed scripture. Those books
that favorably follow in the footsteps of these authorized
literatures are also designated as sastra. All other
literatures ( which are not in pursuance of these authorized
scriptures) simply lead one down the wrong path, and can
never be known as scriptures. (Madhva-Bhasyadhrta
Skandavacana )
What is to be known as Pancaratra?
2. 44
ratrams ca jnanavacanam jnanam pa-cavidham smrtam
tenedam pa-caratrams ca pravadanti manisinam
The wordpa-ca means five. The word ratra means jnana, or
knowledge. According to authorities there are five kinds of
knowledge. [NOTE: These five kinds of knowledge are: 1)
Vedic, 2) Yogic, 3) Knowledge which is a product of the world
of birth and death, or experiential knowledge, 4) Knowledge
by which liberation is attained, and 5) Knowledge by which
one attains to the loving service of Sri Krsna.] To explain
these, saints and sages have composed scriptures known as
Pancaratra : "treatise on five kinds of knowledge." (Narada
Pa-caratra, 1.2.44)
2. 45
evam ekam samkhyayogam vedaranakameva ca
parasparanganyetani pa-caratrastu kathyate
Literature which explains the five different kinds of Vedic
literatures: 1)Samkhya-sastra, 2) Yoga-sastra, 3) theVedas,
4) the different branches of theVedas, and 5) the
sub-branches of all of these literatures is known as
Pa-caratra. (Mahabharata-Santiparva, Moksa-Dharma 349th
adhyaya )
The words of the Pa-caratra are as good as God.
2. 46
jnanam paramatattvams ca janma-mrtyu-jarapaham
tato mrtyu-jayam sambhum samprapa krsnavaktratam
The best of innumerable Vaisnnavas, the death-conquering
Shambu, heard the Pa-caratra from the lotus mouth of Sri
Krsna. The knowledge contained in Pa-caratra puts an end to
birth, death, old age and disease and reveals the Supreme
truth. (Narada Pa-caratra 1.2.45)
Narada Pa-caratra is the cream of all Vedic literatures.
2. 47
drstha sarvam samalokya jnanam samprapya sankarat
jnanamrtam pa-caratram cakara narado munim
Srila Narada Muni, after studying all the sastras, heard this
unparalleled transcendental knowledge from the lotus mouth of
the best of devotees, Lord Siva, who heard it from Sri Krsna
Himself. At that time he compiled the Pa-caratra , which is
the essence of nectar. (Narada Pa-caratra 1.2.56)
2. 48
sarabhutams ca sarvesam vedanam paramadbhutam
naradiyam pa-caratram puranesu sudurlabham
The Narada Pa-caratra is the essence of all the Vedas . It is
possessed of extremely wonderful and divine qualities. Among
the Puranas, it is very rare to find such a wonderful
scripture. (Narada Pa-caratra 1.2.61)
Narada Pa-caratra is Authorized.
2. 49
"pa-caratrasya krtsnasya vakta tu bhagavan svayam
sarvesu ca nrpasresdha jnanesvebhesu drsyate
yathagamam yathajnanam nisdha narayanam prabhum
na caivamenam jananti tamobhuta visampate
tameva sastrakartaram pravadanti manisinam
nimsamsayesu sarvesu nityam vasati vai harim
sa samsayaddhetu balannadhyavasati madhavam"
atra pa-caratrameva garisthamacestha pa-caratrasetyadau
bhagavan svayamiti. daivaprakrtayastu tattatsarvavalokanena
pa-caratraprati padye sri narayana ei paryavasantityaha
sarvasvati. asuramstu nindati na cainamiti. nimsamsyesviti
tasmat jhatiti vedartha-pratipattaye
pa-caratramevadhyetavyamiti.
[NOTE: Jiva Goswami quotes the following verse from the
Mahabharata in his Paramatma-Sandarbha. His comment follows
the quotation.]
"O best of Kings! This Narada Pa-caratra was spoken by
Bhagavan Himself. Having carefully scrutinized all the
revealed scriptures of divine knowledge, and having divined
their essential meanings, Lord Narayana established this
truth, which is without material boundaries. O my Lord! Those
who are ensconced in the mode of ignorance, and who are
saturated with the qualities of ignorance can never
understand this literature or the different kinds of truths
it expounds. Throughout the scriptures that they have
compiled, the great rsis glorify Lord Narayana. In those
scriptures that are without doubt, Sri Krsna eternally
resides. Of those scriptures that are filled with doubts and
arguments, it is said to that Sri Krsna doesn't reside
there." [NOTE: This ends the quotation from Mahabharata. Jiva
Goswai's comment follows.]
"Pa-caratrasya krtsnasya vakta tu bhagavan svayam," means
that God Himself has spoken the Narada Pa-caratra . It is
therefore the best of all literatures. The line beginning
with the word sarvesu means that Lord Narayana established
Narada Pa-caratra on the basis of divine reality, and that
Narada Pa-caratra is therefore supernaturally excellent among
all revealed scriptures. The line beginning with the words na
cainam explains that those whose nature is envious, and
nondevotional, the demons or asuras , will never be able to
understand this sublime literature. The line beginning
nimsamsayesu explains that for one who properly studies the
Narada Pa-caratra all the imports of the Vedas will become
clear, and he will become purified of all doubts in a very
short time. (Paramatma-Sandarbha, 18, and Mahabharata )
Thus ends the second jewel of the Gaudiya-Kanthahara:
Bhagavat-Tattva
Bhagavata-Tattva: The Bhagavata Principle page
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